128例面部皮炎、手部湿疹及慢性荨麻疹斑贴试验结果分析

Analysis of Patch-test on 128 Cases with Facial Dermatitis,Hand Eczema and Chronic Urticaria

目的:探讨面部皮炎、手部湿疹和慢性荨麻疹的接触性致敏原的特点及与不同过敏性皮肤病之间的关系。方法:应用"瑞敏"牌斑贴试剂盒对128例过敏性皮肤病患者(面部皮炎69例,手部湿疹36例,慢性荨麻疹23例)进行皮肤斑贴试验,并选择41例健康者做对照。结果:128例患者总阳性率75.78%,慢性荨麻疹组斑贴试验阳性率(39.13%),明显低于面部皮炎组(84.06%)及手部湿疹组(83.33%)。健康对照组阳性率(4.88%),明显低于疾病组。阳性率较高的变应原依次为硫酸镍、芳香混合物、对苯二胺基质、重铬酸钾、松香、秋兰姆混合物。超过60%的患者存在2种及以上阳性变应原。男女患者斑贴试验阳性率差异有显著性的变应原分别为芳香混合物、秋兰姆混合物、卡巴混合物(P<0.05)。结论:本组患者常见的致敏原为硫酸镍、芳香混合物、对苯二胺基质、重铬酸钾、松香、秋兰姆混合物,不同变态反应性皮肤病的斑贴试验结果不尽相同,芳香混合物是女性常见的过敏原。斑贴试验是检验接触性过敏原的可靠方法。

Objective： To discuss the characterstics of contact allergens on the patiens with facial dermatitis, hand eczema and Chronic urticaria, and explore the relationships among the different allergens and irritability dermatosis. Methods： 128 patients （69 cases with facial dermatitis, 36 cases with hand eczema, 23 cases with chronic urticaria ）were examined with Rui-min standard series patch-test reagent box, selecting 41 healthy volunteers as control. Results： The whole positive rate was 75.78%. The positive rate of patch test of chronic urticaria（39.13%） was obviously lower than facial dermatitis（84.06%）and hand eczema（83.33%）. The positive rate of patch test of healthy control （4.88%） was obviously lower than dermatosis. The allergens with higher positive rate were nickel sulfate, fragrance mix, 4-Phenylenediamine base, potassium dichromate, colophony, thiuram mix. Over 60% of the patients had 2 or more allergens. The positive rate of the allergens in male or in female respectively were fragrance mix, thiuram mix, carba mix, with statistically significant difference. Conclusions： Nickel sulfate, f ragrance mix, 4-Phenylenediamine base, potassium dichromate, colophony, thiuram mix are the main allergens of these patients. Different allergy dermatosis have different patch test results, f ragrance mix are the main allergens in woman.Patch test is the reliable methods to identifying the contact allergens.