明代诗文的功利化趋势——嘉靖、隆庆文人何良俊诗文解读

Utilitarian Tendency of Poetry in Ming Dynasty——Reading He Liangjun′s Poetry in Jianjin and Longqing Period

在唐宋诗文成就的重大压力下,明代文人虽努力使诗文创作恢复唐宋盛世面貌,然诗文仍无情的受到清代文人的讥讽。其原因是多方面的,而明代诗文功用的转变原因不可忽视。奉和、雅集、题画之诗充斥明人诗文集,不幸的是此类诗歌仅仅成为日常雅致生活的点缀及交往的媒介;文章之中的代笔、请托之作更是比比皆是,文人往往借此显己扬名、赚取润笔,所以文章的衰落也就在所难免。主要生活于嘉靖、隆庆年间的松江文人何良俊即为其中的典型。

Under the pressure of the significant achievements of poetry in Tang and Song Dynasty, poetry in Ming Dynasty is subject to cruel ridicule from poets in Qing Dynasty despite of the efforts that the Ming poets had made to restore the flourishing poetry age in Tang and Song Dynasty. Among the numerous causes, the function change of poetry in Ming Dynasty could not be neglected. Although collaborated poetry, critic poetry, poetry with paintings are the common forms in the poetry collection, unfortunately, these poetry just became a decoration of elegant life and the media of communication. Meanwhile, ubiquitous ghostwriting, committed writing were commonly employed by poets to gain popularity and earn money, therefore decadence of poetry is unavoidable. Among these poets, Songjiang poet He Liangjun, living in Jiajing and Longqing period, is a typical example.