芒果种质资源保存研究进展

Research Progress on Conservation of Mango (Mangifera indica Linn.) Germplasm Resources

芒果(Mangifera indica Linn.)是一种重要的热带水果。目前,芒果在全球尚无一个具早熟、高产、优质和抗主要病虫害等优良性状的品种。究其原因:一是大量芒果种质资源由于各种自然和人为原因,以及传统种质保存方法的局限性而逐渐流失;二是由于芒果是基因高度杂合的木本植物,用传统的育种方法改良芒果比较困难。本文对芒果种质资源现状,离体保存技术以及超低温保存技术等方面的研究进展进行了综述,并提出利用体胚再生体系对芒果进行品种改良是未来的一个重要研究方向。

Mango （Mangifera indica Linn.） is one of the most important tropical fruits. By now there is still not an excellent mango cultivar with early maturation,high-yield,high-quality and disease resistance features. There are two reasons can explain that. Firstly,due to the natural and human problems and deficiency of conventional germplasm conservation methods,many valuable mango germplasm vanished gradually. Secondly,the mango improvement with traditional breeding methods is very difficult because of being one kind of heterogeneous woody plants. This review focused on research progress of germplasm conservation,conservation in vitro and cryopreservation of mango. In addition,biotechnology using somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration to improve mango quality should be a good research topic in the future.