污染土壤修复标准及修复效果评定方法的探讨

The Remediation Standards and Evaluation Methods for Remediation Effectiveness of Contaminated Soil

污染土壤修复标准制定的目的是在保证污染土地再利用的前提下,使受到较为严重污染土壤环境中的污染物降低或削减到不足以导致较大的生态损害和健康危害。在分析中国土壤环境质量标准不足的基础上,结合一些发达国家土壤修复标准以及中国土壤污染的实际情况,概述建立污染土壤修复标准应从清洁技术因素、土壤背景值因素、标准法规可调控因素和污染生态毒理学评价方面综合考虑。针对污染土壤修复效果评定的研究,简述植物毒性评定法、陆生无脊椎动物评定法、土壤微生物评定法和生物标记评定法等常用污染土壤修复效果评定方法,并对评定方法的发展前景进行展望。

The contaminated soil remediation standard formulation＇s aim is under the premise of ensuring the reuse of contaminated land,to reduce or cut the contaminants which cause to receive in the more serious contaminated soil environment is insufficient to lead to greater ecological damage and health risks.In this paper,some suggestions on the establishment of remediation standards for contaminated soils such as clean technology factors,factors of soil background values,standards and regulations to control pollution of ecological factors and assessment of toxicological risks were put forward,based on the analysis of the disadvantages of soil environmental quality standard research on evaluation methods for remediation effectiveness of contaminated soil,commonly used evaluation methods,such as phytotoxicity testing,terrestrial invertebrate toxicity testing,soil microorganism toxicity testing and biomarker assessment methods were described.Furthermore,future research directions were also discussed.