晚明商人的防骗意识——以《杜骗新书》为中心考察

Merchants' Consciousness of Defense against Being Deceiving in Late Ming Dynasty:Review of "Du Pian Xin Shu"

晚明,商品经济繁荣,但贫富差距日趋加大,且形形色色的骗术丛生,很多商人成为骗局中的牺牲品。从《杜骗新书》描绘社会之诓骗景象,晚明商人之防骗意识非常淡薄。然而,这种状况的存在是有其时代背景和文化内涵的。就时代背景言之,晚明社会形态已呈现出转型态势,民众谋求生计之手段日趋多样化,诓骗在晚明成为一类人的一种生计手段,这一阶层的扩大,使多数商人成为"棍局"中的牺牲品;而儒、道、佛三家之教化功能,商人本身固有之贪念及其思维模式,对其防骗意识都起了稀释作用。

In late of Ming Dynasty, the commodity economy was prosperous, but due to the widening gap between the rich and the poor, myriad cheaters came out, as a result, many merchants became their sacrifice. From Du Plan Xin Shu, merchants had very little consciousness of defense against being deceiving at that time. However, this had its own background and cultural content.