查尔斯·泰勒论自由:消极自由和积极自由的勾连

Charles Taylor on Liberty:Linkage of Negative Liberty and Positive Liberty

查尔斯.泰勒指出当代程序自由主义过分注重消极自由而拒斥积极自由是不妥当的,消极自由和积极自由都是自由不可或缺的一部分。泰勒认为必须从消极自由走向积极自由,从而在实现两者的勾连中获取自由的整体意涵。这分为两个步骤:自由不仅要求外在无障碍,也要求内在无障碍,而且自由需要外在的仲裁;试图在本体论基础上主张一种"处境化自由"。泰勒的自由观虽然在一定程度上矫正了程序自由主义的自由观,但其附有的束缚个人的危险使其自由观只能是以偏纠偏。

Charles Taylor proposes that it＇ s inappropriate for contemporary procedural liberal to overemphasize negative liberty and reject positive liberty. Both negative liberty and positive liberty are indispensable parts of the liberty. Taylor claims it＇ s necessary to march from negative liberty to positive liberty in order to realize the overall meaning of the liberty in the course of the linkage, which is divided into two steps. In the first step, Taylor proposes that liberty requires internal obstacle - free as well as external obstacle - free, and also requires external arbitration ; In the second step, Taylor tries to propose a ＂situated liberty＂ on the basis of the ontology. Although, to some extent, Taylor＇ s view of liberty corrects the procedural liberal＇ s view of liberty, it can only be said that Taylor＇ s view of liberty is a partial correction because of its risk of banding personal.