机载雷达定量测雨中衰减效应的订正研究

A Study of the Rain Structure from Airborne Doppler Radar Data Obtained during the TOGA/COARE Experiment

星载测雨雷达的应用， 必须满足一些主要条件： 高的空间分辨率、宽阔的覆盖范围、大的动态降雨测量范围以及精确的点测量等。由于技术条件的限制， 满足这些条件的雷达工作在被雨衰减的频率段， 因此必须修正由于衰减所导致的误差。对于单波束单频雷达， ｋ Ｚ Ｓ （ 衰减系数－ 雷达反射因子－ 海表反射率） 算法在一个较大的雨强范围内对衰减效应的订正效果较好。本文将ｋ Ｚ Ｓ 应用到在西太平洋进行的国际大型科学考察实验 Ｔ Ｏ Ｇ Ａ／ Ｃ Ｏ Ａ Ｒ Ｅ 中１９９３ 年１ 月和２ 月间取得机载雷达 （ 和星载雷达频率相近） 实测数据， 进行雨空间分布的研究， 取得了和模拟研究预期相吻合的结果。

The application of spaceborne rain radar should satisfy some main requirements: high spatial resolution, wide coverage, large dynamic range for rainrate measurements and accurate rainfall rate measurements. Due to the technical constraints, the radars satisfying the above requirements work at the attenuated frequency, thus the algorithms should be studied to correct for the attenuation effect. For the single beam and single frequency rain radar, kZS algorithms works well for a quite large dynamic range of rainrate. This paper applies kZS algorithms to the airborne data gathered on January and February 1993 during the TOGA/COARE experiments and studies the rain structure. The results show the consistence with the simulation studies.