不同绿地类型对节肢动物群落结构的影响

Impact of Different Types of Green Space on the Arthropod

调查了生态林、城镇绿地、近自然苗圃、村镇四旁绿地4种类型的14个绿地样点的节肢动物群落,共查获节肢动物3个纲、12个目和71个科。分析了绿地群落与节肢动物群落的结构、多样性和稳定性关系,其基本趋势是:城镇绿地、四旁绿地和近自然苗圃的多样性指数要高于生态林的多样性指数。优势度明显的区域均以害虫为优势种,多样性指数较低,提高昆虫多样性可以控制优势害虫的出现频率,多样性高的植物群落虫害危害程度较低,而多样性指数较低的群落虫害危害较为严重,提高植物群落多样性可以带动节肢动物多样性的提高,结果有效控制了危险性害虫的爆发。

The structure of arthropod community was investigated in four types of green space in the present study. The results showed that arthropod could be divided into 71 subjects belonging to 12 orders within 3 classes in the ecological forest, urban green space, near natural nursery, rural residential green space. The relationship between green community and structure, diversity and stability of Arthropod was analyzed. The results showed that the diversity index of in urban green space, near natural nursery, rural resi- dential green space is higher than that of in ecological forests. The dominance index of pure Koelreuteria forest, Riverside Levee, ru- ral residential green space is significantly higher than others. Pests were the dominance species in samples with significantly dominance index. Lower diversity index and higher insect diversity would reduce frequency of the pests. The plant structure with higher diversity has lower insect injury, and with lower diversity has more insect injury. Improving plant structure diversity would increase Arthropod diyersity and control pests effectively.