健康、健康冲击与退休

Health,Health Shock and Retirement

文章利用中国营养与健康调查数据(CHNS),分析健康对退休的影响。考虑到自评健康存在误差,文章使用两个经过"净化"的健康代理指标,即QWB健康指数以及在自评健康与肌体功能问题进行序数Probit回归基础上取得的潜在健康存量。集中曲线及非连续时间风险模型分析显示:健康冲击是亲贫困的——贫困阶层更易遭受负向的健康冲击;女性提前退休更易在富人中发生,男性提前退休更易在穷人中发生;健康冲击增加了男性的退休风险,对女性退休决策影响微弱;配偶的健康状况对自身的退休决策没有影响。

Using data of the China Health and Nutrition Surveys （ CHNS）,this paper analyzes the effects of health on retirement decision. Given the bias of self-assessed health, the author uses two ＂purged＂ health measure QWB index and latent health stock as true health proxy, the latent health obtained using pooled ordered probit models. Concentration curves and discrete- time hazard model analysis reveal that health shocks is more concentrated among those on low incomes. Early retirement is more concentrated among on low incomes of men, women＇s early retirement is more concentrated among on high incomes. Negative shocks to health greatly increase the hazard of retirement of men, for women this effect is not significant. Partners＇ health does not significantly influence individual retirement choices.