目标追求过程中的权力效应

The Effect of Power in Goal Pursuit

权力在心理学中被定义为一种对他人施加影响的能力。理论和实证研究都表明,个体在目标追求的过程中,个体权力感的高低对个体的目标追求的认知过程和行为结果都会产生影响。具体表现为在认知加工方面,高权力者的信息加工抽象程度更高,注意保持和分配能力也更好;在行为结果上,高权力者能更果断地设定目标、目标追求的行动力也更强。在权力和目标追求关系中,预期自我调节的倾向类型起到中介作用。

Power is psychologically defined as the ability to influence others. Both theoretical and empirical studies indicated that the sense of power influenced one＇s cognitive process and behavioral consequence in the goal pursuit process. Regarding to one＇s cognition,the person with high power might process information on a more abstract level,and keep a better attentional maintenance and distribution. As for behavioral consequences,the person with high power was able to set goals more decisively and take actions more steadily as well. It was predicted that the type of self-regulation might serve as the mediator in the relationship between power and goal pursuit.