高聚物增强木质基复合材料的结构与性能

Structure and properties of polymer reinforced wood-based composites

为探索性能优异的高聚物增强木质基复合材料的制备方法,以大青杨木材为研究对象,选用双功能性单体甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)和丙烯酸类单体甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA),通过加热引发聚合的方式制得P(GMA-co-MMA)/木材复合材料。利用SEM、FTIR和XRD表征其结构,并测试其相关性能。结果表明:GMA的加入,使高聚物与木材细胞壁紧密接触,界面相互作用力增强;GMA一端的环氧基团,与木材细胞壁上的羟基充分发生了化学反应,其双键与MMA单体发生自由基共聚合反应,从而使P(GMA-co-MMA)接枝在木材细胞壁上,并且主要以无定形态存在。与未改性的木材相比,P(GMA-co-MMA)/木材复合材料的静曲强度(MOR)、尺寸稳定性、防腐性能和热稳定性依次提高90.53%、54.05%、92.85%和31℃。

In order to prepare a polymer reinforced wood-based composite with excellent properties,a fast-growing wood,Populus ussuriensis Kom,and glycidyl methacrylate（GMA） as a difunctional monomer and methyl methacrylate（MMA） as an acrylate monomer were selected,and the monomers were impregnated into the porous structure of wood and further initiated by a catalyst-thermal treatment for their in situ polymerization.The composite＇s structure was characterized by SEM,FTIR and XRD,and its corresponding properties were also tested.The results show that the contact between polymers and wood cell walls is tight,and the interfacial interaction is strengthened after adding GMA.GMA fully reacts with the hydroxyl group on wood cell walls by its epoxy group,and reacts with MMA in a free radical copolymerization form by its double bond.The copolymer,P（GMA-co-MMA） is finally grafted onto wood cell walls in an amorphous form.The testing results of its properties show that the modulus of rupture（MOR）,the dimensional stability,the decay resistance and the thermal stability of P（GMA-co-MMA）/wood are increased by 90.53%,54.05%,92.85% and 31℃ compared with those of untreated wood,respectively.