宣威产区烤烟香型风格及其主要化学指标适宜区间的研究

Study on flavor type and suitable range of main chemical indexes in flue-cured tobacco leaf from Xuanwei

为明确云南宣威产区烤烟香型风格特点及其主要化学指标适宜范围,定点选取2008年该产区22个乡镇163份C3F烤烟样品,综合应用数理统计,在确定宣威产区C3F烤烟典型香型风格为清香和清香偏中间香型的基础上,系统研究了影响宣威产区烤烟香型风格和典型香型烤烟质量差异的主要化学指标,结果表明:总糖、还原糖、烟碱、总氮、糖碱比、钙、挥发碱、莨菪亭含量对宣威产区烤烟香型风格和典型香型烤烟感官质量均有显著影响,醚提物、淀粉、两糖差、氮碱比主要影响宣威产区烤烟香型风格,铜含量主要影响典型香型烤烟的感官质量。感官质量档次在较好以上的宣威产区典型香型烤烟主要化学指标适宜区间为:总糖:26%～40%,还原糖:20%～32%,总氮:1.3%～2.1%,烟碱:1.2%～2.4%,糖碱比:9～24,氮碱比:0.70～1.30,两糖差:4～10,淀粉:2.0%～6.0%,醚提物:4.0%～6.0%,挥发碱:0.13%～0.31%,莨菪亭:0.08mg/g～0.18mg/g,Ca:1.5%～3.0%,铜:5～25mg/kg。

163 flue-cured tobacco leaf samples of grade C3F were chosen from 22 counties of Xuanwei growing area to analyze flavor type and suitable ranges of main chemical indexes.Flavor type was confirmed for characteristic flavor based on sensory evaluation.Main chemical indexes and quality grades were investigated.Results showed that total sugar,reducing sugar,nicotine,total nitrogen,reducing sugar to nicotine ratio,calcium,total volatile alkali,and scopoletin all had effects on both flavor type and quality grade of characteristic flavor type.Petroleum ether extracts,starch,difference between total sugar and reducing sugar,and total nitrogen to nicotine ratio mainly affected flavor type,while copper content mainly affected quality grade.The main chemical indexes of characteristic flavor type with high quality grade and the suitable range were also determined：total sugar 26%～40%,reducing sugar 20%～32%,total nitrogen 1.3%～2.1%,nicotine 1.2%～2.4%,reducing sugar to nicotine ratio 9%～24,total nitrogen to nicotine ratio 0.70～1.30,difference between total sugar and reducing sugar 4～10,starch 2.0%～6.0%,petroleum ether extracts 4.0%～6.0%,total volatile alkali 0.13%～0.31%,scopoletin 0.08 mg/g～0.18 mg/g,calcium 1.5%～3.0%,and copper 5～25 mg/kg.