说《聊斋志异》中的情侠形象

On the Images of Emotional Swordsman in "The Strange Tales of Liaozhai"

在我国侠的观念不是一成不变的,到清代还有把虽然没有武艺但出手帮助人的行为称作侠的现象。蒲松龄的《聊斋志异》对侠的概念有所拓展,他描写了一些手不能提,肩不能挑,但是以助人为乐的形象;另外还描写了大量以情为因而出手助人的形象,可以成为"情侠"。这些形象有的以纯情助人,不图索取;有的则把行侠和爱情结合在一起,帮助人则是其主要目的;个别侠义之士为人延续宗祧而又贞洁自守,是对封建礼教的大胆突破。至于蒲松龄肯定"以性行侠"的提法则是值得商榷的。

In our country,the idea of the swordsman is not immutable.In Qing Dynasty,people even called the person who had no martial art but was still willing to help others as swordsman.The concept of chivalry in ＂The Strange Tales of Liaozhai＂ by Pu Songling was extended.He described some images that could not carry heavy things with their hands and shoulders,but was ready to help others.Additionally,he had described plenty of images that helped others because of emotion,who could be called ＂sentimental swordsman＂.Some of these images helped person with pure feelings,without asking for return;some blended their chivalry with love together,with their primary purposes of helping others;some individual swordsmen helped others to sustain their clans and keep their chastity,which was a bold breakthrough to feudal courtesy custom.However,the idea that ＂performed gallantry for sex＂ put forward by Pu Songling deserves a further discussion.