多管齐下的治理策略：国家建设与基层治理变迁的历史图景

Governing In All Ways;State-Building and the Change of Grass-root Governance in China

论文将基层治理问题放在国家政权建设的历史进程中考察,将基层治理问题归结于国家如何为社会订立规则并获取服从的问题。在国家政权建设过程中,国家诉诸于多种手段和方式,动用其可资利用的资源,以求实现现代国家基层社会控制或者说基层治理的目标。这包括正式官僚体系的建立与理性化;依靠非正式官僚承担行政管理的职责;依靠群众动员;依靠官办社会组织;依靠基层群众自治组织。论文从一个侧面勾勒基层治理演变的历史图景,并进一步探讨中国基层治理方式"自上而下"的改革动因。

This paper analyzes the grass-root governance issue from the perspective of state building,and ascribes this issue to how the state acquires the compliance of the society and state agents.In the process of state building,the state resorts to various means and makes use of its resources available in order to achieve social control or grassroots governance objectives of modern state.These include(1) the establishment of a formal bureaucracy and its rationalization;(2) commitment to rely on informal bureaucrat to fulfill administrative duties;(3) mass mobilization;(4) establishment of government organized social organizations;(5) establishment of the self-governing mass organization.This paper tries to outline the historical picture of the evolution of grass-roots governance and further explore the 'top-down' reform dynamic of the grass-roots governance in China.