从哈佛思想到芝加哥学派——威廉·詹姆斯对美国早期芝加哥学派传播学者的影响

From Harvard Thought to the Chicago School——The Influence of William James on Communication Studies of the Chicago School

作为美国历史上第一位具有国际声誉的哲学家和现代心理学的创始人,威廉.詹姆斯几乎影响了整个20世纪初期的美国哲学与社会科学研究;从而也对早期美国传播研究产生了巨大的影响。这种影响最集中地通过芝加哥学派的传播研究体现出来,无论是杜威、帕克还是库利、米德,芝加哥学派的传播大学大师无一不深受詹姆斯思想的影响,可以说,詹姆斯的思想为最终催生美国实用主义传播理论和符号互动理论奠定了基础,是传播研究史上具有重要影响的思想家。

William James, the founder of American pragmatism philosophy and modern psychology and the first world-famous philosopher and psychologist in American history, enjoys high international reputation in American history. His thoughts have deeply influenced American modern philosophy and social scientific research, thus exerting an enormous influence on American communication studies. This influ ence was reflected by the Chicago School of Communication Studies, whether it is John Dewey, Parker, Cooley, or Mead, who are all well influenced by James. We can say that James＇ ideas laid the foundation for the eventual birth of American pragmatism communication theory and symbolic interaction theory.