衡阳市食用菌中铅、镉、汞调查评价

Investigation and Assessment of Lead,Cadmium,Mercury in Edible Fungi in Hengyang City

检测衡阳市食用菌中重金属铅、镉、汞的含量,探讨重金属污染来源,提出相应的预防和干预措施。通过随机采样的方法采集鲜、干食用菌,利用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法和冷原子荧光法,分别检测食用菌中铅、镉与汞的含量。80份食用菌中,铅未见超标,其中含量最高的为干松乳菇达1.0222mg/kg;镉总超标率为15%,其中含量最高的为干香菇达0.2642mg/kg;汞也未见超标,其含量最高的为鲜香菇达0.0251mg/kg。本研究表明衡阳市市场上销售的食用菌存在重金属污染的风险不大。不同类型的食用菌样品以干、鲜香菇、干松乳菇镉超标较多;不同重金属类型以镉污染的风险相对较大,铅、汞污染的风险较小。

To determine the contents of heavy metals namely lead, cadmium, mercury in edible fungus and explore the contaminative sources of heavy metal. Then raising the corresponding measures of prevention and intervention with investigation in Hengyang city. samples were selected from fresh and dry edible fungi with Stochastic sampling method. Heavy metal elements lead , cadmium and mercury were detected by the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry （GFAAS） and the psychro -atomic fluorescence spectrometry （PAFS） respectively. The results indicated that the concentration of lead and mercury in edible fungi did not exceed the national standard among the 80 samples, in which the contents of lead and mercury were the highest in deliciosus lactarius with 1. 0222mg/kg and in fresh lentinus edodes with 0.0251 mg/kg respectively. The rate of exceed standard of cadmium concentration in edible fungi was 15.0% and the maximal concentration of cadmium was O. 2642mg/kgn dry lentinus edodes. The results showed that the edible fungi in market existing the pollutional risk of heavy metal was slight in Hengyang city. Edible fungi species of Lentinus and dry deliciosus lactarius exceeded the sanitary standards more, the contaminative risk of heavy metal cadmium in edible fungi was relatively higher than lead and mercury.