鲫鱼皮肤和肌肉的力学性能研究

Study of Skin and Muscle Mechanical Properties of Crucian Carp (Carassius auratus)

鱼在水中游动时,参与鱼体弯曲变形的组织和器官与水媒介相互作用,形成了不同的游动模式和变形方式。为了更好地理解鱼体变形机制并为今后的流固耦合计算提供基础实验数据,本文采用万能试验机进行单轴拉伸试验,对鲫鱼皮肤和肌肉等生物材料的力学性能进行研究。通过破坏实验的方式确定其杨氏模量,通过松弛实验的方式确定其归一化松弛函数。针对皮肤和肌肉的生物材料粘弹性性质,给出本构方程。通过简化为标准线性固体模型进行讨论,得到的结论是:鲫鱼游动过程中以很小的能量损耗为代价,增加了其有效刚度。

When a fish swims in water, the interaction between its body tissues and organs that participate in bending deformation and surrounding fluid media yields different swimming patterns and deformation ways. To better understand fish body deformation mechanism during swimming and provide fundamental experimental data for future fluid-solid coupling numerical simulation, this study was performed to investigate the mechanical property of biomaterials such as crucian carp＇s skin and muscle based on typical uniaxial tensile tests on a universal testing machine. Young＇s modulus and reduced relaxation function were determined by failure experiments and relaxation tests, respectively. Constitutive function taking into account the visco-elastic properties was determined for both crucian carp＇s skin and muscle samples. A conclusion is drawn that erucian carp increases its effective stiffness during swimming with only a little energy dissipation based on a simplified standard solid model.