目击伤害大学生创伤后应激障碍症状与应对方式及安全感状况的相关研究

A study of the posttraumatic stress disorder, coping styles and security of witnessed college students

目的 了解目击伤害的大学生创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状、应对方式及安全感的现状及其关系.方法 方便抽样法抽取广州某大学大一和大二的学生800名,用创伤后应激障碍自评量表（PTSD-SS）、简易应对方式问卷（SCSQ）和安全感量表（SQ）进行调查.结果 曾目击某人被杀死或被严重伤害的大学生有155人,阳性率为20.5%.与未目击伤害的大学生相比,有目击伤害经历的学生安全感总分[（50.78±5.63）分,（52.01±5.19）分]和积极应对因子分[（34.94±5.42）分,（35.88±5.45）分]、确定控制感得分[（25.07±4.25）分,（26.11±3.71）分]均明显偏低,PTSD症状总分及各因子分和消极应对得分均明显偏高,除人际安全感因子外,两组均差异有显著性（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）;相关分析结果 表明：目击伤害的大学生PTSD的因子分、总分与消极应对因子分呈正相关,与积极应对、人际安全感、确定控制感因子分、安全感总分均呈负相关,绝大多数相关具有显著性（P＜0.01或P＜0.05）.结论 有目击伤害经历的大学生,其PTSD症状明显、安全感较差,消极应对方式多、积极应对方式较少.

Objective To explore the posttraumatic stress disorder（PTSD） symptoms, coping styles and security sense of witnessed college students. Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 800 freshmen and sophomores students from a medical university in Guangzhou. The participants were asked to fill posttraumatic stress disorder self-rating scale （PTSD-SS） ,simplified coping style questionnaire（SCSQ） and security questionnaire（SQ）. Results 155 college students had witnessed injury and the ratio was 20.5% （ P 〈 0.05 ）.Compared to the students who hadn＇t witnessed experience, the witnessed college students had less security（ 50.78± 5.63 vs 52.01 ± 5.19 ）, less active coping styles （ 34.94 ± 5.42 vs 35.88 ± 5.45 ） and less sense of control （25.07 ±4.25 vs 26.11 ±3.71 ） ,and they had got a higher score in PTSD symptoms and negative coping styles.Apart from the interpersonal sense of security,the other differences were significant between the two groups （ P〈0.05 ）; the scores of PTSD symptoms had significant correlation with the total and subscales of coping styles and sense of control （P 〈 0.01 or P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The witnessed college students have severer PTSD symptoms and less security,and tend to take negative coping styles.