大都市卫星城的城市用地增长及其驱动力——以上海松江区为例

Urban land growth and its driving forces in satellite cities of megacity:A case study of Songjiang district,Shanghai,China

快速城市化过程中,大城市对周边中小城市的城市化具有辐射和带动作用,但周边中小城市的城市空间扩展如何响应大城市的这种影响却很少有研究。本文以上海松江区为例,应用遥感航片解译的多时相土地利用数据,研究大城市对周边中小城市的城市用地增长的影响。结果表明:受大城市城市化和区域经济快速发展的影响,上海市卫星城——松江区的城市用地增长呈现出明显的空间各向异性;城市形态的发展具有明显的大都市向心性;城市用地增长呈加速度发展,并超过大城市的发展速度。研究结果很好地验证了城市形态发展理论中的集中-扩散理论;政府决策、经济发展和人口增长,以及道路交通等基础设施的发展是促进松江区城市扩展的主要驱动因素。

During the process of rapid urbanization,megacity has the radiation effects upon and can promote the urbanization of its adjacent small and medium-sized cities and towns.However,how the adjacent cities and towns response has not been well addressed yet.In this paper,the land use datasets derived from the time series color infrared aerial photos of 1989,1994,2000,and 2005 were employed to characterize the urban land growth of Songjiang district,a satellite city of Shanghai,and to demonstrate the effects of megacity on the urbanization of adjacent cities and towns.Under the effects of megacity urbanization and rapid regional economic development,the urban land growth of Songjiang district exhibited an obvious spatial anisotropy,and the development of the urban form presented a distinct centripetalism to megacity.The urban land in satellite city grew in an accelerated speed faster than that in megacity.Our results well testified the urban morphology theory of aggregation and diffusion during the urbanization process of megacity.Local governmental policy,economic development,population growth,and traffic infrastructure were the main driving forces of the urban growth of Songjiang district from 1989 to 2005.