柴可夫斯基《第六“悲怆”交响曲》的悲剧性特征

On the Tragic Quality of Symphony No.6 (Pathétique) Composed by Tchaikovsky

柴可夫斯基(1840—1893)是俄罗斯伟大的浪漫乐派作曲家,也是俄罗斯民族乐派的代表人物,他一生忧郁、孤独、哀愁,充满了悲剧色彩。他的《第六"悲怆"交响曲》生动地体现了他人生的悲剧和悲剧的人生。本文从柴可夫斯基所生活的历史时代、俄罗斯民族文化、人文环境及柴科夫斯基的性格、不幸婚姻、与梅克夫人之间"柏拉图"式的交往等主客观因素方面,运用音乐学、美学和民族审美心理学等方法,以多元视角分析了《第六"悲怆"交响曲》中"悲剧性"特征产生的原由及其表现手法。

Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky （1840-1893） is one of the influential Russian romantic composers and one of the representatives of the Russian music. He has led a tragic life,full of sadness,loneliness and sorrows,which have all been vividly revealed in his symphony No. 6 （Pathétique）. This paper has discussed Tchaikovsky＇s life backgrounds,Russian culture,environment of humanities and his personality,disastrous marriage,and association with Nadezhda von Meck,and analyzed the subjective and objective factors and the expression skills that have brought the tragic quality retold in his symphony No. 6 （Pathétique） with multiple perspectives in music,aesthetics and national aesthetic psychology.