生态批评的意识形态功能——兼论生态文学的不足

On the Ideological Function of Eco-criticism:Deficiencies of Eco-literature

生态批评的意识形态功能包括社会评价作用和审美价值判断。我们不仅要通过评价生态文学作品来向读者宣传生态知识,批判现实生活中破坏生态的丑恶行为与现象来发挥生态批评的社会功能,更要对生态文学作品的审美价值作出价值判断。首先,我们决不能片面夸大生态批评的社会功能,其次,更要评价生态文学作品审美价值的性质、大小和高低。我们反对生态文学中普遍存在的执著于人类对动物戕害的血腥场景和人类残忍自私的丑恶行为的浅层次暴露的自然主义式创作倾向与审美趣味,主张生态文学更要注重艺术形式的打磨与叙事艺术的提高,促进中国生态文学的健康成长。

Ideologically,eco-criticism functions as a literary critic tool in two aspects of the literature works-the evaluation on society and the value judgment on aesthetics.In eco-critic analysis,ecological knowledge should be spread to the public readers by exposing human＇s ugly behaviors of destroying the ecological system,and more importantly,readers should be led to make a good judgment on the aesthetic values of the eco-literature.However,the critical function on social evaluation should not be overestimated,and the aesthetic values should be clearly elaborated.This paper proposes that the former naturist creation and aesthetic value should be abandoned,because it is just a superficial critic to discuss about the blood scene of killing animals and the selfishness of human beings.The author holds that a healthy eco-critic should focus more on how to improve the artistic forms and narrations in eco-literature.