铭文考辨两例

A Textual Research on Two Inscription Phrases on the Bronze Wares

师簋有铭文"今敢博氒眾叚",马承源等先生读"博"为"薄",读"叚"为"暇","薄"义"迫",本文认为铭文应该断句为"今敢博氒眾,叚,反氒工吏,弗蹟我東國",而"叚"是表示语气的叹词,表示吃惊和不屑的语气,且"博"当读为"搏",其义为"捕持"。"行气玉佩铭"是一篇叙述道家、内家拳术关于行气养生的铭文。铭文中的"■"字形、意义学者们解释众多,本文认为当释为"内",与"纳"是古今字的关系。

This paper has conducted a textual research on two inscription phrases on the bronze wares.Firstly,in the inscriptions on Shiyuan Gui,an unearthed bronze food ware which was made in the Western Zhou Dynasty（around 11 century-771 B.C.）,there is one phrase reading like ＂jin gan bo jue zhong xia＂.According to the opinions put forward by the former researchers,such as Ma Chengyuan,＂bo＂（博） in this phrase is considered to be as ＂bo＂（薄）,and ＂xia＂（叚） as ＂xia＂（暇）,and the whole sentence has been interpreted like ＂to make the slaves stop their work to rest＂.This paper believes that ＂bo＂（博） should be ＂bo＂（搏）,which means ＂to catch＂,and ＂xia＂（叚） is an auxiliary word,which indicates an amazing mood and should be independent.Secondly,the phrase ＂xing qi yu pei ming＂,a text of Daoism in the Warring States Period（475-221 B.C.）,means the marching forward ＂qi＂ to improve the health.There are so much explains about the Chinese character ＂■＂ that we can not make clear its character shape and meaning.This paper considers that the Chinese character is ＂nei＂（内）,and it is the ancient character shape of the modern Chinese character ＂na＂（纳）,which means ＂to absorb＂.