东京的轨道交通发展与大都市区空间结构的变迁

Tokyo Rail Transit Development and the Metropolitan Transformation of Spatial Structure

东京都市区空间在急剧扩张的同时,其内部空间结构也发生着激烈的嬗变。运用同心圆空间结构解析法研究了东京23区自1920-2000年间的人口密度分布演化及功能结构变迁。分析得出,人口密度分布演化过程可大致分为战前集中化阶段和战后分散化阶段;与居住郊区化趋势相伴随的是商务办公中心化趋势,"工宿分异"空间结构明显。阐述了战后东京的轨道交通建设与其空间结构变迁间的耦合发展,认为我国城市轨道交通的建设可借鉴东京模式。

The internal structure of Tokyo Metropolitan has been transformed because of the rapid expansion of urban scale.By using a concentric analytic method,the distribution of popucation density from 1920 to 2000 in Tokyo Metropolitan is explored,the transformation of spatial structure is illustrated by the residential and commercial percentage based on the land use data of 2004.The evolution phases of the distribution of population could be classified into concentration before World War Ⅱ and decentralization after the war.Since the residents have been moving from the central area to the suburbs,the commercial development in the centre has been increased.Afterward,this paper analyzes the development of the metropolitan spatial structure corresponding to the construction of railway system,with a hope that Tokyo railway system construction can be the references for Chinese planners.