义务教育教师收入分配制度存在的问题与对策——以江苏、湖北为例

Existing Problems in Compulsory Education Teacher Compensation System and the Countermeasures:Evidence from Jiangsu and Hubei Provinces

基于2007年江苏、湖北两省义务教育教师抽样调查数据,通过实证分析教师薪酬①影响因素,发现义务教育阶段教师收入分配制度存在如下问题:教师工资与其工作业绩不挂钩,且学校、学区和教育行政部门发放的未列入工资范围的收入项目也未能弥补这一制度缺陷;班主任工作报酬未得到应有的重视;教师薪酬水平受制于地方财政能力。针对这些问题,提出如下对策建议:把教师绩效工资管理权力分散到学校去;在教育经费中单独列支班主任费;用"钱跟着特设岗位走"解决艰苦地区学校师资短缺问题。

Based on the sample survey of compulsory education teacher in Jiangsu and Hubei provinces in 2007,through the empirical study on determinants of teacher compensation,it is found that teacher compensation system has the following problems:(I) compulsory education teachers' salaries are not directly linked with their performance,and other benefits provided by schools,school districts and the administrative authorities failed to make up this system deficiency; (II) head-teacher compensation did not get hold of due attention; (III) local fiscal capacity has critical impacts on teacher compensation.To solve these problems,some strategies are urged:(I) decentralize the management of teacher merit pay to schools; (II) allocate a separate item from the education funds to the head-teacher; (III) set up compensation-bundled teaching posts to resolve teacher shortage in hardship regions.