基于工业化视角的能源效率评价方法与实证研究

Analyses Method and Demonstration on Energy Effciency:An Industrialization Perspective

节能减排潜力的准确评估依赖于对能源效率的科学评价,而能源效率评价又涉及到能源与经济发展的关系问题。20世纪90年代以来,中国的工业化一直处于快速推进阶段,对能源依赖较强的高耗能行业成为经济增长的主要推动力。因此,中国工业化进程中的能源效率评价必须结合工业化背景下的经济增长理论与实践。与单要素能源效率方法相比,全要素能源效率方法及多目标情形下的能源效率评价模型是评价工业化经济体能源效率的一个较好分析框架。该分析框架以工业化、经济增长为背景,以生产函数为依托,不仅可以比较准确地衡量重要经济变量不断变化条件下能源与其他要素之间的替代效应,而且可以反映出一个国家或地区在特定经济发展阶段、要素禀赋结构以及经济激励机制下能源使用的综合水平,使评价结果更符合中国正处于工业化过程的经济现实。在该分析框架的基础上,结合工业行业面板数据,对中国工业部门的能源效率进行了实证测算。

Potential of the energy conservation and emission reduction depends on the scientific evaluation of energy efficiency.And the energy efficiency evaluation is related to the relationship between the energy resources and economy.Chinese industrialization has been in the process of rapid development since 1990s and the energy-intensive industries become the impetus to economic growth.Therefore,the energy efficiency evaluation for China must be based on economic growth theory and practice during its industrialization process.Compared to singlefactor energy efficiency,the total-factor energy efficiency evaluation method and multi-objective models,are a better analytical frameworks for evaluating energy efficiency of industrialization economics.Based on industrialization,economic growth and production function,this framework not only measures the substitution effect between energy and other factors under the condition that the important economic variables change constantly,but also reveals the comprehensive level of energy use during certain economic stages,in the factor endowment stracture,and in the economic incentive system. Using this framework,we also calculate the energy efficiency of Chinese industrial sector with panel data.