水资源协调利用的利益补偿机制研究

Studys on Interest Compensation Mechanisms for the Coordination of the Water Resource Utilization

各地经济社会发展与水资源分配利用的不均衡和不平等性所导致的水资源利用的地区性利益冲突与结构性矛盾、经济发展与生态资源环境保护之间的矛盾日益凸现。研究水资源协调利用的利益补偿问题,对实现水利工程的长期运行和水资源的可持续利用具有十分重要的意义。本文通过分析和梳理水资源利用利益补偿的相关理论,构建了水资源协调利用的利益补偿机制框架,并用实例来验证其可行性和有效性。研究结果表明,基于水资源的公共物品属性、水资源的生态价值论和水资源利用的公平正义伦理观,从补偿原则、补偿方式和补偿标准等方面来构建水资源协调利用的利益补偿机制在实践上具备可行性,能够有效地实现水资源与水利工程效益的合理配置、公平共享和可持续利用。建议各地在水资源的利用中不仅要认识到其经济价值,更要充分考虑到其社会价值、生态价值、环境价值以及其它相关地区和利益主体的现在和未来的利益需要,尽快建立适合当地自身社会经济发展和自然资源环境条件的水资源协调利用的利益补偿机制。

The contradiction between economic development and environmental protection,the regional interest conflicts and the structural contradiction of water resource utilization,caused by the imbalance and the inequalities of regional economic and social development and the water resource allocation are becoming increasingly serious.It is significant for sustainable utilization of water conservancy construction and water resource to study the compensation mechanisms for the coordination of the water resource utilization.In this paper,a framework of interest compensation mechanism is built to coordinate water resource utilization by analyzing relevant theory about ineterest compensation of water resource utilization and a case study is used to verify its feasibility and effectiveness.The result shows that based on public belonging property,ecological value theory of water resource,and ethics of fairness and justice for water resource utilization,interest compensation mechanism including compensation principle,compensation method and compensation standard is feasible in practice. Reasonable disposition,fair share and sustainable utilization of water resource and water conservancy benefit could be realized by using it.It is suggested that not only the economic value,but also social value,ecological value,environmental value,present and future interest requirements of related beneficiaries be taken into consideration to build up the interest compensation mechanism of water resource utilization as soon as possible which is suitable for local natural resource environment,and social and economic development.