农业清洁生产模型与实证研究

The Model of Agricultural Cleaner Production and Empirical Study

农业清洁生产是解决农业面源污染的有效途径,是农业可持续发展的保证。基于农业清洁生产的目标,从农业输入、生产系统、农业输出三方面、分层次构建农业清洁生产的模型。该模型可以提供对于农业清洁生产现状及其结构、功能的认识;还可对农业清洁生产的预期行为进行预测,以便采取措施,即改变输入变量的数值和条件,对其进行控制;且通过一些变量的阈值和评价指标作为限制条件,使农业清洁生产系统能符合规定的标准。论文通过对新疆绿洲天山北坡经济带农业清洁生产的案例研究,结合实施农业清洁生产的条件分析和农业资源利用及农业面源污染研究,分析设计了农业清洁生产相应的技术措施,以利将污染控制纳入农业生产的全过程中,从产前、产中以及产后减少污染物的产生。通过经济、环境和社会三方面定性和定量研究相结合,佐证了所构农业清洁生产模型的正确性、可行性和实用性。

Agricultural Cleaner Production is an effective solution to solve the problem of agricultural non-point source pollution,and the guarantee of sustainable development.From agricultural inputs,production systems and agricultural outputs,this paper builds a model of agricultural cleaner production at different levels based on cleaner production.This model can provide the awareness of the present situation of the agricultural cleaner production,and of its structure and function.It can predict the expectation behavior of agricultural cleaner production in order to take measures,which is changing the value of the input variables and conditions for control.It can also make the agricultural cleaner production accord with the standards of regulation through the threshold and evaluation index of some variables as a restrictive condition.This paper takes the Xinjiang oasis as a case study,combines condition analysis on agriculture cleaner production with agricultural non-point source pollution research,and designs the measure of agriculture cleaner production and the pollution control in the whole process to reduce pollutions before production,through production and after production.By doing the qualitative and quantitative research from economy,environment and society,this paper verified the correctness,the feasibility and the practicality of the model.