旅游流规模分布的分形与分维——以我国入境旅游为例

Fractal and fractal dimension of tourism flow-size distribution:A case study of inbound tourism flow in China

目的论证旅游流规模分布的分形结构,并给出基于容量维、信息维的旅游流规模分布的分形研究方法。方法假设验证,实证研究。结果中国入境旅游流的规模分布表现出明显的分形结构特征,各年度容量维数、信息维数图都存在明显的无标度区;入境旅游流等级差异呈缩小趋势,规模小的旅游流发育快,地位相对增强;规模较大的旅游流发育慢,地位相对降低;旅游流规模分布趋向集中,从较正规的帕雷托分布向齐夫分布转变;危机事件对入境旅游流规模结构产生明显影响。结论旅游流规模分布属于分形结构;旅游流规模分布的容量维、信息维模型能够反映其规模分布的均衡程度,集中程度和等级差异变化;危机事件会对旅游流规模结构产生影响,影响力大小与旅游流规模呈反比。

Aim To demonstrate the fractal structure of tourism flow size distribution and to propose the fractal methods of tourist flow size distribution based on the capacity dimension and information dimension.Methods Hypothesis testing,empirical study.Results The size distribution of China′s inbound tourism flow showed an obvious fractal structure characteristics;the annual capacity dimension and information dimension maps are obviously in the non-scale area;the flows′ grade difference is narrowing;the small size tourism flows grow quickly with the position enhanced while the large size tourism flows develop slowly with the position declined;the size distribution demonstrates a concentrating tendency,changing from the formal Pareto distribution to Zipf distribution;crisis has a clear impact on the size structure of inbound tourism flows.Conclusion Tourism flow-size distribution belongs to fractal structure;the capacity dimension,information dimension model can reflect the size distribution of the equilibrium,the level of concentration and the grade differences in change;crisis will affect the tourist flow scale structure,with its influence degree inversely proportional to the scale of tourism flow.