住院初诊2型糖尿病患者大血管及微血管并发症相关因素分析

Analysis of relative factors on the prevalence of macrovascular complications and their risk factors in newly-diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

目的了解初诊2型糖尿病患者慢性并发症的患病率及其相关危险因素。方法对301例初诊2型糖尿病患者依据判断标准分别计算糖尿病各种慢性并发症的患病率;并对慢性并发症的相关因素进行Logistic回归多因素筛查;所有数据采用SPSS 16.0统计软件进行处理。结果 301例初诊2型糖尿病患者中伴糖尿病慢性并发症者194例,占64.5%,其中脑血管病（CVD）、冠心病（CHD）、下肢动脉病变（LEAD）、糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）、糖尿病肾病（DN）及糖尿病神经病变（DNP）的患病率分别为3.7%、9.4%、2.3%、10.6%、18.6%和46.2%;Logistic回归筛查糖尿病并发症的相关危险因素：年龄与大血管并发症呈正相关（OR=1.045,P=0.015）;高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）与大血管并发症呈负相关（OR=0.115,P=0.015）;年龄、病程、收缩压（SDP）及糖化血红蛋白与糖尿病微血管并发症呈正相关（OR值分别为1.048、1.062、1.026及1.161,P值分别为0.000、0.047、0.027及0.021）。结论本研究显示住院初诊2型糖尿病患者的各种慢性并发症患病率已高达3.7%~46.2%,因此,对2型糖尿病患者进行早期积极干预势在必行。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of macrovascular complications and find their risk factors in newly-diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods Data of 301 cases of newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes were retrospectively studied. Their macrovascular complications were classified according to WHO protocol and criteria. The prevalence of the cerebrovascular disease （CVD）, the cardiovascular disease （CHD）, lower-extremity arterial disease （LEAD） and their risk factors were analyzed. All patients were divided into two groups which were non-complications and complications. The clinical data of two groups of patients were compared. Multivariate logistic regresson model was used to identify independent risk factors for related chronic complications. All data was stored and processed by using SPSS software version 16.0. There were statistically significance （P〈 0. 05）. Results Total of 301 patients, there were diabetic macrovascular complications （15.0%） in 45 cases. The prevalence of CVD, CHD and LEAD were 3.7G, 9.4%and 2.30//00 respectively. In the diabetic patients, there was positive correlation between age and diabetic macrovasuclar complications （OR values 1. 045, P values 0. 015）, there was negative correlation between the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C） and macrovasuclar complications（OR values 0. 115, P values 0. 015）. Conclusion The results were shown that there are higher macrovascular complicatins In newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients. The results reminded us that it is urgent to intervent type 2 diabetes mellitus as early as possible.