志愿者服务及其制度化研究——基于日本中越沖地震灾害志愿者中心的实证分析

An Analysis on the Institutionalization of Disaster Aids:Focused on the Disaster Volunteer Center During Tsuetsu-oki Earthquake

从汶川地震到玉树地震,志愿者活动日渐受到关注。志愿者活动的组织化是保证志愿者活动效率的前提,通过制度化的途径,使志愿者服务成为灾后恢复的重要力量,是当前中国志愿者活动面临的课题。本文以日本为例,实证考察中越沖地震后灾害志愿者中心的组织和运作,对志愿者的组织化,以及这种组织化得以形成的政策进行分析,提出只有制度化才能保证大灾之后临时产生的创新型组织保存下来,并进一步内化为社会应对灾害的力量。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the institutionalization of disaster aids like volunteers.Since the Wenchuan Earthquake,volunteers became important in disaster aids in China.This paper uses the keyword of public aids by government and mutual aid by volunteer or community and focus on the disaster volunteer center during Tsuetsu-oki Earthquake in Japan..The research discusses the role of volunteers and the disaster volunteer center.Based on exploring the structure of the disaster volunteer center,.this paper defines the institutionalization of disaster aid in Japan.Finally,this paper recommends improvements of disaster aids in China.