军队中老年人血脂影响因素的调查分析及健康指导

Health guidance and investigation of risk factors for blood lipid levels in military middle aged and old people

目的探讨军队中老年人血脂异常及其影响因素,从而有针对性地做好健康指导。方法选择驻京军队参加健康体检者1860例,根据年龄分为:老年前期组(357例),老年组(1060例),高龄组(443例),对各组血脂异常及影响因素进行分析。结果与老年组男性比较,老年前期组男性低HDL-C、高舒张压、饮酒、吸烟、缺乏运动的检出率明显增高,高收缩压、高空腹血糖、高2 h餐后血糖(2 h PG)、超重/肥胖的检出率明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);高龄组男性高收缩压、缺乏运动的检出率明显增高,高TG、高舒张压、高2 h PG、超重/肥胖、饮酒、吸烟的检出率明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。与老年组女性比较,老年前期组女性缺乏运动的检出率明显增高,高TG、高收缩压、高2 h PG、超重/肥胖、吸烟的检出率明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);高龄组女性与老年组女性各指标检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论中老年人血脂异常问题必须引起高度重视,医务人员要积极进行健康指导,促进中老年人群自我保健能力和疾病预防意识的同步提高。

Objective To study the blood lipid abnormality and its risk factors in the military middle aged and old people, so as to provide useful health guidance. Methods Investigation was per formed on blood lipid and its risk factors in 1860 military middle aged and old people who underwent health examination in Beijing. Results Compared with 60-80 years group, the detection rates of low HDL-C, high DBP, drinking, smoking and lack of exercise were higher in 45- 60 years group in men, and the difference had statistical significance （P 〈0.01）. The detection rates of high SBP,FPG,PBG and overweight/fatty in 60-80 years group were significantly higher than those in the 45-60 years group （P 〈 0.01）. The detection rates of high TG,DBP,PBG,drinking,smoking and overweight/fatty in men aged over 80 years were significantly lower than those in the 60--80 years group （P 〈 0. 01） , while the detection rates of high SBP and lack of exercise were higher. Compared with women aged 60--80 years, the detection rate of lack of exercise in women aged 45-- 60 years group was higher, with statistical significance （P〈 0.01）, while the detection rates of high TG, SBP, PBG, overweight/fatty and smoking were lower. There were no significant differences in detection rates of various indexes between women aged over 80 years and 60--80 years groups （P〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Much attention must be paid to the problem of blood lipid abnormality in middle-aged and old people. The medical staff should give health guid ance actively,thus enhancing the ability of self-care and awareness of disease prevention synchronously in middle-aged and old people.