《摩奴法论》的社会伦理思想

Social Ethics in Manu Code

印度教思想在价值指向上的"彼岸性"是清晰的,正是这种"彼岸性"成为其"精神性"的基本外观。与此同时,"此岸"的现实生存,作为无尽的生命循环之链的一个可以把握的现实环节,也具有导向精神价值之终极实现的重要意义。种姓制度既是社会的基本分层结构,也是一种关于价值的观念系统,它还是社会伦理秩序的基础。不同种姓导向其未来生命"更为良好状态"的可能性取决于当前生命过程中对其各自职责的履行所达到的完善程度。

Hinduism has its clear value orientation of nirvana which is the very manifestation of its spiritual value. Meanwhile, the real temporality existence as a graspable real part in the endless chain of life cycle is significant in the lead- ing to the ultimate realization of its spiritual value. The caste system is not only a basic stratification but a concept system concerning value and meanwhile it has become the foundation for the realization of social ethical order. The possible ＂better state＂ of future life directed by various castes is totally determined by how they improve their carry-out of duties in the present life process.