细粒棘球蚴感染长爪沙鼠过敏反应模型的建立与嗜酸粒细胞测定

A Study of Anaphylaxis Models and DELC Level in Merions Unguiculatus Infected with Echinococcus Granulosus

目的：建立细粒棘球蚴（ Ｅｃｈｉｎｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ ｇｒａｎｕｌｏｓｕｓ， Ｅｇ）感染长爪沙鼠过敏反应模型，并探讨嗜酸粒细胞与包虫病所致过敏性休克的关系。方法：长爪沙鼠６８ 只。人工腹腔接种感染 Ｅｇ５６ 只，留１２ 只健康沙鼠测嗜酸粒细胞直接计数（ｄｉｒｅｃｔ ｅｏｓｉｎｏｐｈｉｌｉｃ ｌｅｕｋｏｃｙｔｅ ｃｏｕｎｔ， Ｄ Ｅ Ｌ Ｃ）作为 Ｄ Ｅ Ｌ Ｃ基础值参照组；感染４ 周和 ３ 个月后分别各抽取１２ 只测 Ｄ Ｅ Ｌ Ｃ，作为感染后 Ｄ Ｅ Ｌ Ｃ参照组和决定性注射前 Ｄ Ｅ Ｌ Ｃ参照组。其余３２ 只沙鼠感染 Ｅｇ 后３ 个月利用羊源 Ｅｇ 新鲜囊液及粗制抗原、鼠源泡状棘球蚴组织抗原分别攻击发敏建立过敏反应模型。症状观察 ６０ ｍ ｉｎ 后分别测定 Ｄ Ｅ Ｌ Ｃ。结果：沙鼠 Ｅｇ 感染率为８９２８％ ，过敏反应发生率最低为７１４３％ ，最高达１００％ 。过敏性休克发生率最高达 １６２７％ ，最低为 １２５０％ 。 Ｄ Ｅ Ｌ Ｃ随沙鼠感染 Ｅｇ 的时间推移而渐渐升高，同时，决定性注射致敏原后 Ｄ Ｅ Ｌ Ｃ较注射前明显增高（ Ｐ＜ ０．０５）。结论：过敏反应模型症状典型，结果可靠，发生率高。 Ｄ Ｅ Ｌ Ｃ变化在包虫病所致过敏性休克的发生、发展中起重要作用。

Objective: Establishment of anaphylaxis models and evaluation of DELC level in gerbils induced by different antigens. Methods: 68 gerbils for both infected and normal control groups. Animals were divided into two parts. The first part was major for establishment of anaphylaxis models by using 32 gerbils infected by Echinococcus granulosus (Eg). According to challenge injection of the different sensitinogens the gerbils were divided into four groups. After challenge injection to each experimental group, DELC levels in blood were also detected. The second part was major for evaluation of DELC level by using 32 gerbils, namely the basic data of the normal control group (n=12); the basic data after animal infection four weeks (n=12); the basic data of pre challenge injection of the sensitinogen (12 gerbils were infected by Eg after three months). Results: The infection rate was for Eg 89.28% in gerbils. The incidences of anaphylaxis in the experimental group were 87.50%, 100%, and 71.43% respectively. The incidences of anaphylactic shock were 12.50%, 16.67% and 14.24% respectively. There was none of the gerbils among the control group showed anaphylaxis responses. As for DELC level, all the experimental groups showed a significant increase. As the time went on, gerbils with Eg infection became more and more heavily infected, the significant increase of DELC level showed positive correlation. Meawhile, the DELC level in post challenge injection had a significant increase in comparison with in pre challenge injection. Conclusion: The anaphylaxis models showed typical symptoms and reliable results as well as high incidence of anaphylaxis responses. The DELC detection can be provided for scientific basis to define systemic anaphylaxis responses in gerbils.