主要经济体低碳技术国际合作及其启示

International Cooperation among Major Economies on Low-Carbon Technology and Its Enlightenments

面对日益严峻的全球气候变化形势和日趋紧迫的温室气体减排要求,全球主要经济体加强了在低碳与气候友好技术领域的国际合作,推出了主要经济体能源与气候论坛技术行动计划。技术行动计划集中关注了先进汽车、生物质能利用、碳捕集利用与封存、建筑部门提高能效、工业部门提高能效、高效低排放燃煤、海洋能利用、智能电网、太阳能利用和风能利用等10项低碳与气候友好技术。我国在技术行动计划中应以终端用能技术、核能技术为重点,在碳捕集利用与封存领域做好技术储备,在不同阶段采取财政补贴和排放交易的政策促进低碳与气候友好技术的发展。

The increasingly severe global climate change and the urgent demand for carbon-emission reduction have driven major economies to strengthen their international cooperation in low-carbon and climate-friendly technologies, which leads to the Technology Action Plan of the Major Economies Forum on Energy and Climate. The TAP （Technology Action Plan） focuses on research, development and demonstration of ten low-carbon ＆ climate-friendly technologies including advanced vehicles, bioenergy utilization, CCS （carbon capture ＆ storage）, efficiency raising in construction and industrial sectors, high-efficiency ＆ low-emission coal, marine energy utilization, smart grid and solar ＆ wind power. The paper proposes that China should focus on the end-use energy utilization technologies and the nuclear technology in the TAP while actively building up a reserve in CCS technologies for future use. In addition, financial subsidies and/or emission trade policies should be provided at each stage to fuel the development of the low-carbon and climate-friendly technology.