螺髻山自然保护区非飞行小型哺乳动物垂直多样性调查

Elevational diversity of small mammals in Luoji Mt. Nature Reserve,Sichuan Province

2009年4～8月利用铗日法对螺髻山自然保护区非飞行小型哺乳动物的多样性进行了调查。调查于海拔1800～4150m间按梯度设置7个采集样地,每个采集样地内设3个样带并置铗,有效布铗10500铗次,捕获非飞行小型哺乳动物5科8属15种,共491个个体。调查结果表明,调查区域内非飞行小型哺乳动物群落的相对丰富度、丰富度和多样性指数均与海拔存在显著的相关性。统计分析显示:位于阴坡且与水源地相距较近的样地的物种相对丰富度明显高于位于阳坡、距离水源地远的样地;植被类型丰富、降水量充分的中海拔地区(2200～2600m)相对丰富度、丰富度和多样性达到最高;而在高海拔(>3800m)和低海拔区域(<2000m)则较低。非飞行小型哺乳动物的多样性以中低山阔叶灌丛林与亚热带针阔混交林中最高,而在高山流石滩、高山草甸与河谷灌草丛中较低。在本研究的调查区域内,中海拔地区多样性和丰富度最大可能是非飞行小型哺乳动物垂直多样性分布的一个重要特点。

We surveyed elevational diversity of nonvolant small mammals in Luoji Mountains Nature Reserve during April to August,2009. We sampled nonvolant small mammals using in kill traps in seven sites at elevations varying from 1 800 to 4 150 m,Within each site,we sampled along three separate transects. In 10 500 trap nights,we captured 491 individuals representing 15 species,8 genera,and 5 families. We found correlations between elevation and relative abundance,abundance and diversity index of nonvolant small mammals. We found that sampling sites on cool （ generally northerly） aspects slopes and near to nearest water source had higher richness and diversity than those on warm （ sunny） slopes and far from nearest water source. Maximum richness and diversity occurred at mid-elevations （ 2 2002 600 m） where precipitation was richest and several types of plants reached their maximum diversity and richness. Richness and diversity were lowest at high （ 3 800 m） and low elevations （ 2 000 m） . Highest diversity and richness was also associated with mid-and lowelevation deciduous broad-leaved forests,and with subtropical theropencedrymion sampling sites; low diversity and richness with alpine scree,alpine meadow and river valley tussock sites.