虎血清H5亚型流感病毒抗体调查

Serologic survey for antibodies to H5 subtype influenza A virus in tigers

为查明我国圈养虎群中H5亚型流感病毒的流行情况,应用血凝抑制(HI)方法检测了1998～2009年间采集于哈尔滨、宜昌、桂林、唐山、上海和郑州等地的309份虎血清样品的H5亚型流感病毒抗体效价。结果发现1998年4月至2002年4月采集的20份血清样品全部为H5亚型流感病毒HI抗体阴性。在2002年7月至2003年6月采样于上海、唐山、哈尔滨的34只虎中,有31只曾出现过高热、抽搐和肺炎症状,其中24只虎的血清样品H5亚型流感病毒HI抗体呈阳性(抗体效价1∶10～1∶320),2只无临床症状虎也为抗体阳性。对2004年随机采集自哈尔滨的220份血清样品调查发现抗体阳性率可达25.9%,其中28只有临床高热与肺炎病史的虎中有14只抗体呈阳性(抗体效价1∶10～1∶80),其余无病史的192只虎中有43只抗体阳性。2009年8月采集的35份血清中仅有3份H5阳性,抗体阳性率下降为8.6%。上述结果表明H5亚型流感病毒能够感染虎并对圈养虎的健康构成威胁,而且其公共卫生意义更值得关注。

To explore the prevalence of the H5 subtype influenza A virus in captive tigers in China,the antibodies of 309 tigers’serum samples,which were collected from Harbin,Yichang,Guilin,Shanghai,Zhengzhou,and Tangshan between 1998 and 2009,were detected using the hemagglutination inhibition test （ HI） . All 20 samples collected from April of 1998 to April of 2002 were HI antibody negative. Among 24 of 31 samples collected from July of 2002 to June of 2003 whose clinical signs such as fever and pneumonia were obvious,HI antibody were positive. Surprisingly,the antibody titers of paired sera from two tigers without clinical signs also were HI antibody positive. Of 220 samples randomly collected in 2004 in Harbin,14 of 28 samples collected from tigers with clinical signs were HI antibody positive. In addition,we found that 43 samples collected from tigers without clinical signs also were positive with 1∶ 101∶ 80 antibody titers. In 2009,only 3 out of 43 samples were HI antibody positive. These results indicate that H5 subtype influenza virus have already acquired the ability to infect tigers and pose a threat to captive tigers and public heath.