菜籽油中芥酸含量对小鼠食用安全性的影响

Effect of Erucic Acid Content in Rapeseed Oil on Food Intake Safety in Mice

采用气相色谱法分析双低冷榨菜籽油和普通菜籽油的芥酸含量;运用掺食法喂饲小鼠含两种菜籽油的饲料(含油量2%),连续饲养5周,观察小鼠、体质量、摄食量、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、脏器(心、肝、脾、肺、双肾、睾丸、卵巢)质量的变化;研究菜籽油中芥酸含量对小鼠食用安全性的影响。结果表明,双低冷榨菜籽油芥酸含量为4.744%,普通菜籽油芥酸含量为32.595%,双低冷榨菜籽油芥酸含量明显低于普通菜籽油。喂饲双低冷榨菜籽油饲料组小鼠血清TC、TG水平低于普通菜籽油饲料组;血清HDL-C水平略高于普通菜籽油饲料组;与普通菜籽油饲料组相比,喂饲双低冷榨菜籽油饲料对小鼠血脂水平有良好影响。与正常对照组和双低冷榨菜籽油组相比,普通菜籽油组小鼠心脏质量和肝脏质量明显升高,可能与芥酸使脂肪沉积于心脏和肝脏有关。喂饲两种菜籽油对小鼠体质量、摄食、其他脏器质量均无明显影响。

The erucic acid contents of cold-pressing double-low rapeseed oil and common rapeseed oil were analyzed by gas chromatography （GC）. Sixty Kunming mice （half male and half female） were divided into 3 groups of 20 mice each （also half male and half female）：control （fed normal diet）,cold-pressing double-low rapeseed oil-treated （fed diet containing cold-pressing double-low rapeseed oil with 2% oil content） and common rapeseed oil-treated （fed common rapeseed oil with 2% oil content） groups. All these mice were fed for 5 consecutive weeks. The general status,body weight,food consumption,blood lipid indexes including total cholesterol （TC）,triglyceride （TG） and high-density lipoprotein （HDL） and the weights of the visceral organs including heart,liver,spleen,lung and kidney of mice were measured once a week during the period of feeding. The results indicated that the erucic acid content of cold-pressing double-low rapeseed oil was 4.744%,and that of common rapeseed oil was 32.595%. Obviously,the former was much lower than the latter. The mice fed diet containing cold-pressing double-low rapeseed oil presented lower serum TC and TG levels but slightly higher HDL-C level than the mice fed diet containing common rapeseed oil. Therefore,cold-pressing double-low rapeseed oil is more suitable for animal feeding due to lower increments of the above serum lipid parameters when compared with common rapeseed oil. Compared with control and cold-pressing double-low rapeseed oil-treated mice,common rapeseed oil-treated mice showed an obvious increase in the weights of heart and liver,which might be related to fat deposition in heart and liver induced by the presence of erucic acid. No significant differences in body weight,food consumption and the weights of spleen,lung and kidney were observed among mice fed normal diet and diet containing cold-pressing double-low rapeseed oil or common rapeseed oil.