多年冻土区高等级公路建设面临问题分析

Problem Analysis of High Grade Highway Construction in Permafrost Regions

结合国家高等级公路建设发展的需要,就多年冻土区高等级公路建设中可能遇到问题的原因、一些典型工程措施在应用过程中可能导致的问题,以及所应采用对策进行了分析。通过研究发现,冻土地区铁路与公路和高等级公路的热量来源、传热过程、传热强度等均存在本质区别。由此揭示并经实践证明,青藏铁路得到的有益成果将难以直接应用于高等级公路建设中。同时,由于高等级公路黑色沥青混凝土路面更为强烈的吸热和聚热效应以及更高的筑路技术标准,都对冻土区高等级公路建设和安全运营提出了更大的挑战,也对冻土路基调控措施提出了更高的要求。通过对已有路基调控措施的对流、传导、辐射等方面试验结果和实测资料系统分析发现,如果能结合高等级公路热学特性,从工程结构加以改进,或通过不同工程措施的有效组合,或是通过新型工程措施的应用,应是较好解决问题的途径和方向,并就措施改进的方式进行了分析。其研究结果,将对我国高等级公路的研究和设计提供有益指导。

The countermeasures for some possible problems which may arise in the construction of highway or in the application of some typical engineering measures in permafrost regions are analyzed,within the context of high grade highway construction and development in China.Previous research results found the essential difference of heat source,heat-transfer process,and heat-transfer intensity between railway and highway or high grade highway existing.So,it is predictable that scientific research achievements acquired to Qinghai-Tibet Railway can not come up to the requirements of high grade highway construction.At the same time,more severe challenge in the construction and security operations of high grade highway in permafrost regions would be faced,due to stronger heat-absorption,heat-collection of high grade highway and higher road construction standards,which also come up with higher standard of the validity of embankment temperature-regulated measures.The experimental results and observed data of embankment temperature-regulated measures in convection,conduction and radiation indicated that problems may be solved by development,improvement or combination of engineering measures based upon thermal characteristics of high grade highway,besides,the improved way of the construction measures also be discussed.Those discussion and research results will make an available effect for research and design of high grade highway in permafrost regions.