政治参与主体的伦理维度——兼及环境伦理的视角

Ethic Dimension of Subject in Political Participation:Also on Environmental Ethics

传统政治参与从人类中心主义的角度出发,将作为政治人的公民和政府等作为参与的主体,这种人类中心主义的主体理论在一定程度上对当前的生态危机和代际矛盾具有不可推卸的责任。要摆脱人类中心主义所带来的困境,须从伦理学的角度以自由意志和利益为依据,不仅把政府、非政府组织、公民和私人组织作为政治参与的主体,还应把环境和未来人作为政治参与的主体加以平等对待,且环境和未来人的参与主要通过代理人来实现。

The traditional political participation takes human beings as the center and hence treats the political citizens and government as the participation subject.This theory is to some extent responsible for the current ecological crises and inter-generation conflicts.The way out of this plight lies in an equal treatment of political,non-governmental organizations,citizens,and individual organizations on the one hand,and the environment and future men on the other,as the subject of political participation,and participation of the latter two should be chiefly realized by agents.The point of departure is the ethics and the basis goes to freedom of will and benefit.