不同间作模式对丘北辣椒病虫害的影响

The effects of different intercropping patterns on incidence of diseases and pests in chilli pepper

为探索不同间作模式对丘北辣椒主要病虫害的影响,于2007～2008年在云南省丘北县开展了田间试验研究.结果表明:辣椒间作玉米、花生、大豆、向日葵,辣椒主要病害发病率分别比净作(CK)减少了14.6%,5.2%,10.1%,12.3%,主要虫害危害率比净作(CK)减少了6.8%,1.4%,4.4%,3.3%;间作作物主要病害发病率最高为大豆的61.1%,最低为玉米的15.0%,向日葵的45.5%和花生的20.8%介于其间.在各种间作模式中,辣椒主要病害发病率和主要虫害危害率最低为2行玉米间8行辣椒(M2C8)和2行玉米间10行辣椒(M2C10)2种模式,其中M2C8比CK减少了15.6%,6.0%,M2C10比CK减少16.6%,4.0%;间作作物主要病害发病率最低仍为M2C8和M2C10中的玉米,分别为13.4%,12.8%.说明M2C8和M2C102种间作模式,能有效减少辣椒主要病虫的危害,适宜在类似地区推广应用.

In Qiubei County,Yunnan Province,we have carried field experiment to study the effects of different intercropping patterns on incidence of diseases and pests in chilli pepper from 2007 to 2008.The results showed that intercropping chilli pepper with maize,soybean,peanut and sunflower reduced incidence of diseases in chilli pepper by 14.6%,5.2%,10.1%,12.3% comparing with monoculture （CK） respectively,and reduced incidence of pests by 6.8%,1.4%,4.4%,3.3% respectively as well.For major diseases incidence among soybean,maize,sunflower and peanut intercropping,soybean＇s diseases incidence was the highest （61.1%）,corn＇s diseases incidence was the lowest （15.0%）,sunflower＇s （45.5%） and peanut＇s （20.8%） were between them.The patterns of intercropping two rows of maize with eight rows of chilli pepper （M2C8） and intercropping two rows of maize with ten rows of chilli pepper （M2C10） were good for diseases and pests control.M2C8 can reduce diseases incidence of chilli pepper by 15.6% and reduce pest incidence of chilli pepper by 6% comparing with CK,M2C10 can reduce incidence of diseases by 13.4% and reduce incidence of pest by 12.8% comparing with CK.The diseases and pests incidence of maize in M2C8（13.4%） and M2C10（12.8%） were better than other intercropping patterns＇.The results showed that M2C8 and M2C10 intercropping patterns could be applied and demonstrated into large scale planting for diseases and pests control of chilli pepper.