四叶萝芙木和催吐萝芙木的显微鉴别研究

Microscopic Identification of Rauvolfia tetraphylla and Rauvolfia vomitoria

目的:对夹竹桃科植物四叶萝芙木和催吐萝芙木进行显微鉴别比较。方法:采用石蜡切片法对根、茎、叶进行切片;用常规的显微技术观察组织构造和显微特征;用生物显微摄影技术真实还原细胞的显微结构特征。结果:四叶萝芙木和催吐萝芙木根横切面的韧皮部均较窄,四叶萝芙木木纤维众多,而催吐萝芙木导管明显;四叶萝芙木和催吐萝芙木茎横切面的韧皮部外侧均有散在纤维,且断续排列成环,四叶萝芙木茎横切面可见大量木纤维,而催吐萝芙木没有木纤维;四叶萝芙木和催吐萝芙木叶横切面的中脉维管束均呈半月形,中脉上下方表皮细胞内侧均有厚角组织,四叶萝芙木上下表皮均具有非腺毛,而催吐萝芙木没有非腺毛。结论:以上显微特征可作为四叶萝芙木和催吐萝芙木的主要鉴别依据。

OBJECTIVE：To identify microscopic characteristics of Rauvolfia tetraphylla and Rauvolfia vomitoria.METHODS：The roots,stem and leaves of R.tetraphylla and R.vomitoria were cut into slice using paraffin method.Structure and microscopic characteristics of R.tetraphylla and R.vomitoria were observed.Biological microphotography technology was used to observe microscopic characteristics of R.tetraphylla and R.vomitoria.RESULTS：Cross-section of the roots of R.tetraphylla and R.vomitoria showed narrow phloem.R.tetraphylla showed many xylon while R.vomitoria had clear catheter.Fiber were scattered in phloem outside of cross-section of the stem of R.tetraphylla and R.vomitoria and arranged in cycle off and on.A lot of xylon were observed in cross-section of the stem of R.tetraphylla while not in that of R.vomitoria.Cross-section of the leaves of R.tetraphylla and R.vomitoria showed semilune midrib vascular bundle.Collenchyma was observed in the inside of upper and lower epidermic cells of midrib.The upper and lower epidermics of R.tetraphylla had non-glandular hair while R.vomitoria had not.CONCLUSION：The results can serve as evidence for the identification of R.tetraphylla and R.vomitoria.