阳离子脂质体用做基因传递载体的研究进展

Advance in the research of cationic liposome carriers for gene delivery

基因治疗的难题之一在于研制安全有效的基因传递载体。常用的基因传递载体分为病毒载体和非病毒载体两类,其中,非病毒载体中的阳离子脂质体因具有低毒性与免疫原性、生物相容性好、易于制备等优点而受到广泛关注,具有良好的应用前景。近年来对阳离子脂质体载体的研究主要集中在对其传递基因机制的考察、各种影响其转基因效率的因素的探求、应用各种方法研制安全性和转染活性更佳的新型阳离子脂质体等方面。文中从转基因特点、传递机制、常用的制备材料、影响转基因效率的因素、近年来出现的新型阳离子脂质体等方面综述了此类基因传递载体的研究进展。

Development of safe and effective carriers is one of the major difficulties for gene therapy.Commonly used carriers for gene delivery can be classified into two categories： viral carriers and non-viral carriers.Cationic liposomes,which belong to non-viral carriers,are paid attentions widely for its advantages such as low toxicity and immunogenicity,good biocompatibility,easy to produce,and a promising perspective for application.In recent years,most researches for cationic liposome carriers were focused on investigating the mechanism of cationic liposomes-mediated gene delivery,and factors that affect the transfection efficiency.The novel cationic liposomes developed by a variety of methods will possess better safety and transfection activity.In this article,we reviewed the recent studies of cationic liposome carriers on their features and mechanisms of delivering genes,usual materials for preparation,factors of affecting transfection efficiency and novel cationic liposomes developed in these years.