高原地震灾害现场急救适宜技术群的构建

Establishment of appropriate emergency rescue techniques in the plateau earthquake

中国高原地区是地震多发地带。高原地震早期伤病发生基本规律是：骨折伤员占比大，急性高原病发生率高，易发生冻伤与感冒，伤员早期死亡多。本文采用技术效果指标和保障难度指标，对高原地震灾害现场急救技术进行筛选。建立起包括现场紧急救命技术、外伤/伤口处理、急性高原病现场诊治、冻伤现场防治、伤病员搬运等适宜技术。高原地震灾害现场急救适宜技术群的构建，有利于科学组织实施现场急救，提高救援力量的技术训练水平。

As an earthquake prone area in plateau in China, it is featured of high incidence, of fracture, acute mountain sickness, frostbite, cold and with high death rate of wounded in early injury when earthquake happens. In this paper, appropriate emergency rescue techniques in the plateau earthquake were elaborated with the technical effect and difficulty of support indicators. The required appropriate techniques include on-site emergency rescue technology, traumatic/cut processing techniques, the diagnosis and treatment of acute mountain sickness, the techniques to control frostbite personnel, and patients handling techniques. Analysis of the on-site first aid techniques in plateau earthquake disaster provides parameters for both of rescue implementation and improving the quality of training.