厦门同安湾鳄鱼屿海岸侵蚀与防护对策

Coastal erosion and preventive measures of Eyu Islet in Tongan Bay,Xiamen

在2009年3月对鳄鱼海岸线测量的基础上,利用ArcGIS软件分析比较了现有海岸线与厦门市集美区地形图(1988年版,图号:7-50-129甲-)中鳄鱼屿海岸线位置的变化.结果表明21a来,鳄鱼屿海岸最大侵蚀率为2.0 m/a,东南侧最大侵蚀宽度达42 m,侵蚀总面积达14 000 m2;其东北侧海岸侵蚀后退约35 m,侵蚀总面积达4 100 m2;其西北侧海岸最大侵蚀宽度达30 m,侵蚀面积达12 000 m2.文中就厦门市鳄鱼屿海岸侵蚀的成因进行了分析,提出了工程防护、人工补沙、红树林修复以及加强海岛及其周边海域资源综合管理等方面的防护对策.这可为我国其他无居民海岛的海岸侵蚀防护提供经验借鉴.

In this study,changes in the shoreline position of Eyu Islet in Tongan Bay,Xiamen were evaluated based on comparison of field measurements collected in March 2009 and topographic maps of Jimei District,Xiamen（1988 edition,Figure No.7-50-129-a） using ArcGIS software.The results showed that in the past 21a,the Eyu Islet＇s largest coastal erosion rate was 2.0 m/a,with a maximum erosion width of 42 m and a total erosion area of 14 000 m2 in the southeast.The coastline receded about 35m and produced a total erosion area of 4 100 m2 in the northeast,with the greatest coast erosion width being 30 m and a total erosion area of 12 000 m2 being observed in the northwest.The causes of coastal erosion were analyzed,and countermeasures were proposed,including enginee-ring protection,artificial recharge of sands,mangrove restoration and enhancement of comprehensive management of resources in and around the island.These protective measures can serve as references for coastal erosion protection of other uninhabited islands in China.