酚类污染物对金鱼卵黄蛋白原诱导的雌激素效应研究

Estrogenic Effects of Vitellogenin Induction in Goldfish Caused by Phenolic Compounds

以雌二醇为阳性对照,通过雄性金鱼卵黄蛋白原的诱导实验研究壬基酚、辛基酚、双酚A和2,4-二氯酚4种酚类污染物的雌激素活性,同时探讨金鱼作为实验生物的敏感性。不同浓度梯度的酚类污染物暴露14d后,以酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定金鱼血浆中的卵黄蛋白原含量,同时测定肝脏指数。结果表明,4种酚类污染物均可诱导金鱼体内卵黄蛋白原的合成并且提高其肝脏指数。雌二醇、壬基酚、辛基酚和双酚A诱导雄性金鱼卵黄蛋白原合成的最低可见效应浓度分别为0.005,15,5,10μg/L,且诱导量随暴露浓度的升高呈明显的剂量-效应关系,可以采用Weibull函数进行非线性拟合,其半效应浓度EC50分别为0.078,255.7,79.6和113.4μg/L。2,4-二氯酚诱导能力较弱,最大诱导量比阳性对照组低4个数量级,4种酚类化合物的雌激素活性强弱顺序为辛基酚>双酚A>壬基酚2,4-二氯酚。可见金鱼可以作为类雌激素化合物筛选和检测的敏感实验生物。

The estrogenic effects of nonylphenol（NP）,octylphenol（OP）,bisphenol A（BPA）and 2,4-dichlorophenol（2,4-DCP）were investigated through vitellogenin induction in goldfish by using 17？-estradiol（E2）as a positive control.After an exposure period of 14days,the vitellogenin production in the plasma of male goldfish was detected by ELISA and the hepatosomatic index was also measured.The results showed that all of the four phenolic chemicals could significantly induce the vitellogenin synthesis and increase the hepatosomatic index in male goldfish.The lowest observed effect concentration（LOEC） of E2,NP,OP and BPA was 0.005,15,5and 10？？/L respectively.A nonlinear regression of Weibull function could be applied to the relationship between plasma vitellogenin contents and exposure concentrations.The median effective concentration of E2,NP,OP and BPA for vitellogenin induction was 0.078,255.7,79.6and 113.4？？/L respectively.The induction potency of 2,4-DCP was much weaker than that of other phenolic compounds,with the maximum vitellogenin induction four orders lower than that of the positive control.The estrogenic potency of the test compounds showed an order of OPBPANP2,4-DCP.Goldfish was a sensitive organism for screening and detection of environmental estrogens.