消除麻疹面临的困难和应对措施

Difficulties and countermeasures of Eliminate the measles

麻疹被世界卫生组织和世界各国公认为是第三个可能被消除的传染病,为此,世界各国根据麻疹的流行病学特征及疾病的自然史,采取了疫苗免疫策略和疫情监测策略等一系列科学的策略和措施,在控制与消除麻疹工作中取得了显著进展,但是由于受麻疹流行病学特征和临床特征改变的影响,消除麻疹的进程仍然存在很多困难。2006年以后部分省份麻疹发病回升,部分麻疹发病持续较低的省份近几年又有增多的趋势,已经完成麻疹强化免疫和应急接种的地区疫情大幅反弹。目前,全国麻疹疫情持续高发,发病水平距消除麻疹目标有较大差距。<1岁和≥15岁人群麻疹发病增多。应降低初免内儿童发病和成人发病,加强流动人口管理和麻疹监测。

Measles is the world health organization and the world recognized as a third may be eliminate diseases,Therefore,the world according to the measles epidemiological characteristics of natural history and disease,Take the vaccine strategy and epidemic monitoring strategies and so on a series of scientific strategies and measures,In control and elimination of measles has achieved remarkable progress in the work,But due to the measles epidemiological characteristics and clinical characteristics of change,Eliminate the measles process still exist many difficulties.In 2006,measles incidence of some provinces increased.Part of the lower measles incidence continued in recent years has increased,Completed the measles aggrandizement immunity and emergency immunization of district epidemic rebound sharply.At present,the measles outbreaks continue,The measles incidence away from the goal level to eliminate the measles disease.The measles incidence in 1 years old and≥15 years old are increased.We should reduce measles disease in children and adults,strengthen the measles monitoring and floating population administration.