关于无罪推定的文本表述

On Text Representation of the Presumed Innocent

我国《刑事诉讼法》第12条的表述是故意歪曲《关于〈中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法修正案(草案)〉的说明》之意图而形成的,草案明明限定了"进一步保障诉讼参与人的权利"的目的,但是学术界却要强迫人们接受它为"法院统一定罪权"原则,从而把"人权"条款变成"公权"设置条款。这种法律现象可以从1789年以来无罪推定文本表述的变化规律(某种蜕变模式)得到解释。令人忧虑的是,纷纷推出的无罪推定文本建议又因为ICCPR中法文本与英俄西文本的冲突,而在"确定有罪"与"证实有罪"之间选择了较差的表述。为此,发现IC-CPR文本的冲突解决方法与借鉴俄罗斯国内法文本的先进经验,对于改善未来刑事诉讼法的无罪推定立法表述都有积极的比较法意义。

Provisions in Article 12 of the Criminal Procedure Law of PRC have deliberately misrepresented the intention in An Account on the Amendment to the Criminal Procedure Law of the People＇s Republic of China （ Draft）, in which the purpose of further protecting the rights of litigation participants is expressly speci- fied. However, scholars in academy force it to be accepted as the doctrine of ＂uniform conviction by court＂, which has changed the clause nature from ＂human rights＂ to ＂public power＂. Such phenomenon can be construed from the derogative change of representation of presumed innocent since 1789. What＇s worse, the text conflict between Chinese -French and English -Russian version of ICCPR lead to a worse choice between guilty beyond any doubt＂ and ＂proved to be guilty＂ in recent proposals on representation of presumed innocent. Therefore, it is of positive significance from comparative law perspective to seek resolution for version conflict in ICCPR and take reference from domestic law in Russia in order to improve the legislative representation of the presumed innocent in the Criminal Procedure Law of PRC in the future.