泾阳产区主要酿酒葡萄品种果实品质研究

Study on the berry quality of the main wine grape varieties in Jingyang area

本试验对泾阳县龙泉乡、蒋路乡和白王镇3个地点主要酿酒葡萄品种赤霞珠(Cabernet Sauvignon)、蛇龙珠(Cabernet Gernischet)、北醇(Beichun)和桑娇维塞(Sangiovese)的果实品质进行了研究,并利用层次分析法对供试葡萄品种的综合品质进行了评价,主要得到以下结果:(1)不同立地条件下赤霞珠果实品质存在差异,龙泉乡最好,其次是白王镇,蒋路乡最差。(2)相同立地条件下不同品种果实品质亦有差异,龙泉乡赤霞珠果实品质优于桑娇维塞,而蒋路乡和白王镇的赤霞珠果实品质分别低于蛇龙珠和北醇,其中蒋路乡蛇龙珠品质远远高于其它品种。(3)各因子对酿酒葡萄果实综合品质影响的大小为含糖量>糖酸比>单宁含量>pH。果实综合品质最好的是蒋路乡的蛇龙珠,最差的是白王镇的赤霞珠,其它为龙泉乡的桑娇维塞>龙泉乡的赤霞珠>蒋路镇的赤霞珠>白王镇的北醇。(4)泾阳县应优先发展蛇龙珠和桑娇维塞,同时要做好小区域的选择,赤霞珠和北醇在本实验条件下表现一般。

The berry quality of the main winegrape varieties（Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Gemischet, Beichun and Sangiovese） was studied at three selected sites of Longquan, Jianglu and Baiwang in Jingyang county, and the comprehensive quality was evaluated using the analytic hierarchy process method, and which lay a basis for planting regions of winegrape. The results showed as follows： firstly, there were differences between the berry quality in Cabernet Sauvignon under different site conditions. The highest quality of Cabernet Sauvignon was seen in Longquan, followed by Baiwang, while Jianglu the lowest. Secondly, the grape quality of different varieties under the same site condition were different. The quality of Cabernet Sauvignon was higher than that of Sangiovese in Longquan, but Cabernet Sauvignon＇s performance was worse than that of Cabernet Gemischet and Beichun in Jianglu and Baiwang. Notablely, the qualitY of Cabernet Gemischet in Jianglu was far better than any other sample selected. Thirdly, the importance order of grape quality factors was： sugar〉sugar acid ratio〉tannin〉pH. Among all the samplings selected, Cabernet Gernischet in lianglu showed the highest comprehensive quality, while Cabernet Sauvignon in Baiwang showed the lowest, and the comprehensive quality order of the other samplings was： Sangiovesc in Longquan〉 Cabernet Sauvignon in Longquan〉 Cabernet Sauvignon in Jianglu〉Beichun in Baiwang. Fourthly, Jingyang should give priority to plant Cabernet Gernischet and Sangiovese on extensive cultivation of wine grape, and make proper choices in small areas in the meantime.