北京市大兴区农村地区胆固醇干预的效果评价

Effectiveness evaluation of cholesterol intervention in rural areas of Daxing District,Beijing City

目的通过对比北京市大兴区农村居民胆固醇干预前后各种体格检查和实验室检查结果的变化情况,进一步探索适宜在农村地区实施的慢性病干预措施。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法抽取北京市大兴区半壁店地区18周岁以上常住居民4029人,通过体格检查和实验室检查获得体重指数(BMI),收缩压,舒张压,空腹血糖,胆固醇等指标结果,通过问卷调查获得高血压、冠心病、脑卒中和糖尿病的患病情况以及吸烟和饮酒情况。结果 2007年调查居民4975人,经过健康教育干预后重复调查居民4029人。干预前后男性、女性和总体调查对象的总胆固醇降低具有统计学意义。通过对危险因素进行多因素Logistic回归分析发现,年龄、踝臂指数、腰围、低密度脂蛋白与脑卒中相关;年龄、BMI、低密度脂蛋白、空腹血糖、性别、腰围、舒张压、饮酒与冠心病相关;年龄、空腹血糖与糖尿病相关;年龄、收缩压、甘油三酯与高血压相关性。结论在农村地区开展预防和控制慢性非传染性疾病的健康教育具有可行性,可以收到一定效果,但生活方式和生活习惯特有的复杂性和多样性,要帮助居民建立健康的生活方式需要从知、信、行着手,开展持久的健康教育和行为干预。

Objective To further explore appropriate intervention methods of chronic diseases by comparison of various physical examination and laboratory test results before and after cholesterol intervention of residents in rural areas,Daxing District,Beijing.Methods 4029 permanent residents aged over 18 were selected by multi-stage random sampling method in Banbidian town,Daxing District,Beijing.Health examination and laboratory tests was performed to them to get the results of body mass index,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,cholesterol,etc.The prevalence of hypertension,coronary heart disease,stroke,diabetes,smoking and alcohol were obtained through ques-tionnaires suwey.Results 4975 residents were surveyed in 2007 and after a health education intervention the 4029 resi-dents were made the survey repeatly.Before and after the intervention,the total cholesterol reduction for men,women and overall survey respondents had significant statistical difference.Analysis of risk factors by multivariate logistic regression showed that age,ankle brachial index,waist circumference,low-density lipoprotein were related with the stroke;and the age,BMI,LDL,fasting blood sugar,sex,waist circumference,diastolic blood pressure,alcohol consumption were related with the coronary heart disease;and age,fasting glucose and diabetes,systolic blood pressure,triglycerides were related with the high blood pressure.Conclusion Health education of prevention and control of NCD health is feasible in rural ar-eas,and received effects.However,as the unique complexities and diversity of lifestyles and habits to help rural residents develop a healthy lifestyle,sustained health education and behavior intervention from the knowledge,belief,practice need to be carried out.