山西省农村居民艾滋病知识与歧视状况调查

Survey on the status of AIDS knowledge and discrimination among the villagers in Shanxi Province

目的了解山西省某地农村居民艾滋病相关知识知晓程度及歧视现状。方法采用单纯随机抽样的方法抽取艾滋病病毒感染者和患者(PLHA)所在村的普通村民246人和无PLHA所在村的村民213人进行访谈式问卷调查。结果无PLHA村的村民艾滋病传播途径知识知晓率为81.0%,非传播途径知识知晓率为82.8%;PLHA所在村的普通村民艾滋病传播途径知识知晓率为89.9%,非传播途径知识知晓率为91.8%。无PLHA村的村民歧视得分为8.4分;PLHA所在村普通村民歧视得分为5.8分。对PLHA最有可能采取的歧视行为是不和感染者一起同桌吃饭、不购买感染者家生产的商品或副食品、不让自家小孩和感染者的小孩一起玩耍。多重线性回归分析显示,无PLHA村的村民非传播途径知识得分越高,越年轻者,对PLHA的歧视程度越低;PLHA所在村的普通村民非传播途径知识、传播途径知识得分及文化程度越高者,歧视程度越低。结论 PLHA所在村的普通村民艾滋病歧视程度低于无PLHA村的村民;艾滋病相关知识缺乏是导致艾滋病歧视的最主要原因。

Objective To understand the status of AIDS related knowledge and discrimination among the villag-ers in Shanxi Province.Methods Simple random sampling was used to select 246 villagers who lived with the people liv-ing with HIV and AIDS（PLHA） and 213 villages who lived with other healthy villagers.Anonymous interview question-naire was used to collect information on AIDS knowledge and discrimination.Results The awareness rates of villagers who did not live with PLHA were 81.0% and 82.8% for transmission routes and non-transmission routes respectively.Howev-er,the awareness rates of villagers who lived with PLHA were 89.9% for transmission routes and 91.8% for non-transmis-sion routes.The scores of discrimination were 8.4 in the villagers who did not live with PLHA and 5.8 in the villagers who lived with PLHA.The main manifestations of HIV/AIDS related discrimination were reluctantly dining with the PLHA,buying the goods produced by HIV positive workers and forbidding their children playing together with HIV positive chil-dren.Multiple linear regression results showed that the higher the awareness rate of non-transmission routes or the younger the villagers who did not live with PLHA,the less the participants had AIDS related discrimination.And there were nega-tive correlations between the discrimination and the awareness rates of non-transmission routes,transmission routes and de-gree of education among the villagers who lived with PLHA.Conclusion The villagers who live with PLHA have less dis-crimination than the villagers who dont’ live with PLHA.Lacking AIDS related knowledge is the major factor of AIDS relat-ed discrimination.